Terminology

Various terminology used within our club for uniformity again there are differences elsewhere

Number 1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10   Symbol 一  二  三  四  五  六  セブン   八  九  十   Japanese Pronounce ichi  ni  san  shi  go  roku  shichi  hachi  kyu  ju

 

English Pronounce ich  knee  san  she  go  rook  sitch  hatch  koo  jew

Various Terminology not in order

Karate - Empty Hand --- Do - Way
Migi - Right --- Hidari - Left
Jodan - Upper --- Chudan - Middle
Gedan - Lower --- Tsuki - Punch
Uke - Block --- Geri - Kick
Rei - Bow --- Obi - Belt
Yoi - Ready --- Hajime - Start
Yame - Stop --- Gi - Suit
Kihon - Basics --- Kihon Ido - Moving Basics
Shizen Tai - Attention --- Kiai - Energy Shout
Go - Hard --- Ju - Soft
Ryu - Style/School --- Kamae - Combative Posture
Kime - Focus --- Dachi - Stance
Kata - Forms --- Kumite - Sparring

Shitaji Randori - Freestyle Groundwork
Mawatte - Turn --- Kyu - Rank Below Black Belt
Yudansha - Black Belt Student --- Sempei - Assistant Teacher
Sensei - Teacher --- Mokuso - Close Eyes
Mokuso Yame - Open Eyes --- Age - Rising
Otoshi - Downwards --- Osae - Pressing
Tai Sabaki - Body Evasion --- Pakua - Counter Attack
Mae - Forward/Front --- Yoko - Sideward
Ushiro - Backward --- Anargnei - 45 Degree's
Yasuma - At Ease --- Heiko - Parallel
Awase Tsuki - U Punch --- Sanbon - Triple
Nihon - Twice --- Morote - Double Handed
Tate Tsuki - Vertical Punch --- Hiki Te - Basic Arm Posture
Soto Uke - Forearm Block --- Barai - Sweeping
Hari Uke - Archers Block --- Sukui - Scooping
Kake - Wrist Block --- Yama Uke - Mountain Block
Joge/Juge Uke - Combined Middle/Lower Block --- Soe Uke - Helping Block
Sasae - Double Pressing Block --- Mawashi - Roundhouse
Kin/Kogan - Groin --- Kosa - Cross
Kazami - Jab --- Choku Tsuki - Straight Punch
Oi Tsuki - Lunge Punch --- Gyaku - Reverse
Kagi - Hook --- Hiraken - Fore Knuckle Punch
Waza - Techniques --- Ibuki - Breathing
Kokyu Donto - Respiration --- Shugo - Line Up
Mushimi - Sticky --- Seiza - Kneeling
Tiri Tsu - Standing --- Kote Uchi - Forearm Strike
Seiken - Fist --- Ippon Ken - One Knuckle Fist
Nakadaka - Middle Knuckle --- Nukite - Spear Hand
Nihon Nukite - Two Finger Strike --- Koko - Tiger Mouth
Washi De - Eagle Talon --- Furi Tsuki - Flare Strike
Koken - Crane Head --- Keiko - Chicken Head
Uraken - Backfist --- Tettsui - Hammer fist
Haishu - Back Hand --- Haito - Ridge Hand
Teisho - Palm Heel --- Oyayubi - Thumb
Empi - Elbow --- Kuma De - Bear Hand
Stow - Knife --- Shita/Ura - Upside Down Punch
Hiji Ate - Butterfly Strike --- Zutsuki - Head Butt
Shikyo - Throat Grab --- Seiryu Toh - Oxens Talon

Heisoku Dachi - Attention Stance --- Musubi Dachi - Ready Stance
Heiko Dachi - Parallel Stance --- Hachiji/Fudo Dachi - Natural Stance
Kiba Dachi - Horse Riding Stance --- Shiko/Sesan Dachi - Straddle /Box Stance
Zenkutsu Dachi - Forward/Combative Stance --- Sanchin Dachi - Hour Glass Stance
Neko Ashi Dachi - Cat Stance --- Kokutsu Dachi - Long Cat Stance
Hangetsu Dachi - Long Hour Glass Stance --- Sagi Ashi Dachi - Crane Stance
Renoji Dachi - L Stance --- Tiji Dachi - T Stance
Kosa Dachi - Cross Stance --- Bensoku Dachi - Female Horse Riding Stance

Keage - Snap --- Kekomi - Thrust
Hiza - Knee --- Kin/Kogan - Geri Groin Kick
Kansetsu - Geri Joint Kick --- Hiza Geri - Knee Kick
Mae Geri - Front Kick --- Mawashi Geri - Roundhouse Kick
Yoko Geri - Side Kick --- Ushiro Geri - Backward Kick
Mikazuki Geri - Crescent Kick --- Tobi Geri - Jumping Kick
Nidan Geri - Double Kick --- Mate/Gedan Mawashi Geri - Thigh Kick

Ashi Dori - Leg Take Down --- Geri Ashi - Kicking Leg
Tsugi Ashi - Shuffling Step --- Suri Ashi - Sliding Step
Yori Ashi - Dragging Step --- Ashi Barai - Leg Sweep
Sagi Ashi Uke - Crane Leg Block --- Chakuchi - Landing
Josokutei/Koshi - Ball Of Foot --- Haisoku - Instep
Sokuto - Edge Of Foot --- Tsumaski - Toes
Kakato - Heel --- Sune - Shin


TAI SABAKI 
ai Sabaki [teye sa-ba'kee] can be translated in various ways. In many systems it refers to turning and/or evasion motions, while in other systems it can refer to body positioning. For us it means body movement, since we use it to describe all these elements. Basically, tai sabaki means moving ones body out of the way of an attack while at the same time placing oneself in a safe position where the attack can be countered.
Basic tai sabaki movements include:
Koshi Sabaki - concentrating on the placement of the hips and pelvis
Ashi Sabaki - concentrating on the placement of the feet and legs
Te Sabaki - concentrating on the placement of the arms and hands
Tenkah-ho - movement of pivoting the body
Tsugi Ashi - steps
Of the many elements related to training in the martial arts understanding and being able to execute proper tai sabaki is essential. No matter how many strikes, kicks, joint manipulations, or projections one may know they are useless if one is unable to get out of the way of an attacking limb, or is off balance when they try to counter an attack. 
In order to execute proper tai sabaki several elements must occur. Initially one must start by being in a stable position which allows one the freedom of movement in any direction. Depending on the situation this may be one of the hardest factors in tai sabaki, since you may not have the opportunity to prepare for an attack.
Secondly, movements must be made with the proper weight distribution. Depending on the movement this can involve raising or lowering the body, forward or reverse motion, pivoting on the ball or heel of the foot, placing one's weight on one or both feet, or a combination of all of the above. In order to maintain proper weight distribution correct posture, foot placement, hip alignment and balance must be maintained. This can only be accomplished by practice.
Lastly, the body must stay aligned and movements should be limited to those necessary for the defensive action selected. In other words one must have and maintain control over their body in order not to make extra or none essential movements. While the intention and commitment of the movement must be made decisively, with strength, speed, and proper angles, it must be small and controlled enough not to create wasted space, or create weaknesses within the defense.
This last element can be a very hard to achieve on its own, but in most cases one will have the addition of the attacker's energy, strength and weight to deal with along with their own movements. Learning proper tai sabaki will help a student not only learn to control their own body movements, it will help them learn how to take control of another persons body, and move it, or manipulate it, in any direction they choose to move it in. This is very important in joint locking techniques and projection/throwing techniques. In fact many of these techniques cannot be completed without proper tai sabaki. 
There are no short cuts in learning proper tai sabaki. It is one element of training that will be refined over and over again.